Having spent two years working in a television newsroom, Madison decided to give her informative speech on that topic. Because she knew a lot about it and was comfortable speaking to an audience, she didn't spend much time preparing. As a result, her speech was poorly organized, ran overtime, and did not have a clear message. Which guideline for ethical public speaking discussed in your textbook did Madison fail to live up to?
a. Be fully prepared for each speech.
b. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
c. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language.
d. Be honest in what you say.
e. Avoid plagiarism.
Answer: a. Be fully prepared for each speech.