Archive for March 2019

In his persuasive speech, Jeremy argued that the category "sexual orientation" should be added to his state's civil rights law. Most of Jeremy's classmates listened carefully to his argument. Some were persuaded, while others continued to believe that the current system was justified. Two audience members disagreed so strongly with Jeremy that instead of listening, they wrote notes back and forth to each other throughout the speech. Which of the following statements best describes the issues of ethical listening involved in this situation?

March 05, 2019

In his persuasive speech, Jeremy argued that the category "sexual orientation" should be added to his state's civil rights law. Most of Jeremy's classmates listened carefully to his argument. Some were persuaded, while others continued to believe that the current system was justified. Two audience members disagreed so strongly with Jeremy that instead of listening, they wrote notes back and forth to each other throughout the speech. Which of the following statements best describes the issues of ethical listening involved in this situation?



a. Everyone in the class was an ethical listener because no one interrupted Jeremy or prevented him from speaking.
b. The people who listened carefully to Jeremy's arguments were ethical listeners, re-gardless of whether they were persuaded.
c. The two classmates who refused to listen to Jeremy's speech and wrote notes back and forth violated the guidelines for ethical listening.
d. all of the above
e. b and c only


Answer: e. b and c only

A listener's ethical obligation to avoid prejudging a speaker means that a listener should

March 05, 2019

A listener's ethical obligation to avoid prejudging a speaker means that a listener should



a. agree with everything the speaker says.
b. strive to understand the speaker before criticizing his or her ideas.
c. focus on the speaker's delivery when responding to the speech.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c only.


Answer: b. strive to understand the speaker before criticizing his or her ideas.

According to your textbook, the ethical obligations of listeners include

March 05, 2019

According to your textbook, the ethical obligations of listeners include



a. judging the speaker on the basis of his or her delivery.
b. listening to the speaker courteously and attentively.
c. maintaining the free and open expression of ideas.
d. all of the above.
e. b and c only.


Answer: e. b and c only.

A listener's ethical obligations include

March 05, 2019

A listener's ethical obligations include



a. being courteous and attentive during a speech.
b. agreeing with everything a speaker says.
c. maintaining the free and open expression of ideas.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c only.


Answer: e. a and c only.

According to your textbook, the guidelines for ethical listening in a public speaking situation include

March 05, 2019

According to your textbook, the guidelines for ethical listening in a public speaking situation include



a. maintaining the free and open expression of ideas.
b. judging the speaker on the basis of her or his prestige.
c. taking accurate notes of what the speaker says.
d. all of the above.


Answer: a. maintaining the free and open expression of ideas.

The three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in your textbook are

March 05, 2019

The three guidelines for ethical listening discussed in your textbook are



a. listen attentively, take accurate notes, and avoid prejudging the speaker.
b. support free speech, avoid name-calling, and listen attentively.
c. listen attentively, avoid prejudging the speaker, and support free speech.
d. take accurate notes, support free speech, and avoid name-calling.
e. avoid stereotyping the speaker, support free speech, and take accurate notes.


Answer: c. listen attentively, avoid prejudging the speaker, and support free speech.

When Sophia attended the first discussion section for her math class and heard her instructor begin speaking with an unfamiliar accent, she immediately decided, "I won't learn anything from this teacher." Sophia failed to uphold which guideline for ethical listening?

March 05, 2019

When Sophia attended the first discussion section for her math class and heard her instructor begin speaking with an unfamiliar accent, she immediately decided, "I won't learn anything from this teacher." Sophia failed to uphold which guideline for ethical listening?



a. Listen attentively.
b. Avoid prejudging the speaker.
c. Take accurate notes.
d. Support free speech.
e. Avoid name-calling.


Answer: b. Avoid prejudging the speaker.

To avoid plagiarism when using information from an Internet document in your speech, your textbook recommends that you keep a record of

March 05, 2019

To avoid plagiarism when using information from an Internet document in your speech, your textbook recommends that you keep a record of 



a. the title of the document.
b. the author or organization responsible for the document.
c. the date on which you accessed the document.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only.


Answer: d. all of the above.

Jerome found several excellent sources for his informative speech. He pulled key information from them, blended those ideas into his own perspective, and cited his sources when he presented the speech. Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

March 05, 2019

Jerome found several excellent sources for his informative speech. He pulled key information from them, blended those ideas into his own perspective, and cited his sources when he presented the speech. Which of the following statements best describes this situation?



a. Jerome is ethical because he cited his sources and used them to develop his own slant on the topic.
b. Jerome is guilty of incremental plagiarism because he used quotations and paraphrases from other people in his speech.
c. Jerome is ethical because he did not copy his speech from a single source.
d. Jerome is guilty of patchwork plagiarism because he used ideas from several different sources in his speech.
e. Jerome is guilty of global plagiarism because he did not develop his speech entirely from his own knowledge and experience.


Answer: a. Jerome is ethical because he cited his sources and used them to develop his own slant on the topic.

Emil began his research early and found some excellent sources for his informative speech. He cut and pasted passages from several Web sites into a file in his word processor. When he started putting his speech together, he used some complete sentences from the cut-and-pasted materials, paraphrases from other passages, and several original ideas of his own. Unfortunately, Emil forgot to record his sources in his research notes, so he didn't cite any of the sources in his speech. Which of the following statements best describes Emil's situation?

March 05, 2019

Emil began his research early and found some excellent sources for his informative speech. He cut and pasted passages from several Web sites into a file in his word processor. When he started putting his speech together, he used some complete sentences from the cut-and-pasted materials, paraphrases from other passages, and several original ideas of his own. Unfortunately, Emil forgot to record his sources in his research notes, so he didn't cite any of the sources in his speech. Which of the following statements best describes Emil's situation?



a. Emil is guilty of global plagiarism.
b. Emil is ethical because he used many of his own ideas.
c. Emil is ethical because he started his research early and found good materials.
d. Emil is ethical because he meant to take better notes about his sources.
e. Emil is guilty of incremental plagiarism.


Answer: e. Emil is guilty of incremental plagiarism.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to steer clear of incremental plagiarism?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to steer clear of incremental plagiarism?



a. Avoid using direct quotations from other people in your speech.
b. Only use your original ideas so there is no risk of plagiarism.
c. Avoid citing sources that might make someone suspect plagiarism.
d. Cite the sources of all quotations and paraphrases in your speech.
e. Avoid paraphrasing information from other people in your speech.


Answer: d. Cite the sources of all quotations and paraphrases in your speech.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid incremental plagiarism?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid incremental plagiarism?



a. Avoid doing research on the Internet.
b. Give credit to the sources of all ideas that you paraphrase.
c. Use encyclopedias for basic factual information.
d. all of the above
e. a and b only


Answer: b. Give credit to the sources of all ideas that you paraphrase.

According to your textbook, __________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.

March 05, 2019

According to your textbook, __________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.



a. incremental
b. patchwork
c. accidental
d. incidental
e. global


Answer: a. incremental

According to your textbook, __________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.

March 05, 2019

According to your textbook, __________ plagiarism occurs when the speech as a whole is ethical but the speaker fails to give credit for particular quotations and paraphrases.



a. incidental
b. informative
c. inferential
d. invalid
e. incremental


Answer: e. incremental

Ryan located three excellent sources for his persuasive speech. He copied long sections from each source word for word, strung them together with a few transitions, and men-tioned the sources of his information in passing. Which of the following statements best describes Ryan's situation?

March 05, 2019

Ryan located three excellent sources for his persuasive speech. He copied long sections from each source word for word, strung them together with a few transitions, and men-tioned the sources of his information in passing. Which of the following statements best describes Ryan's situation?



a. Ryan is ethical because he did research for his speech.
b. Ryan is guilty of global plagiarism.
c. Ryan is guilty of patchwork plagiarism.
d. Ryan is ethical because he mentioned the sources of his information.
e. Ryan is guilty of incremental plagiarism.


Answer: c. Ryan is guilty of patchwork plagiarism.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?



a. Do most of your research on the Internet.
b. Take all the notes from each source on a single page.
c. Consult a large number of sources in your research.
d. all of the above
e. b and c only


Answer: c. Consult a large number of sources in your research.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to avoid patchwork plagiarism?



a. Consult a large number of sources in your research.
b. Do all of your research at the library.
c. Keep a record of the order in which you locate research sources.
d. Use encyclopedias in your research.
e. Take all the notes from each research source on a single page.


Answer: a. Consult a large number of sources in your research.

Tanya went to the beach instead of staying in town and working on her speech. When she realized how soon the speech was due, she asked a friend who had already taken public speaking to loan her an old outline, which she used verbatim for her class speech. Which of the following statements best describes Tanya's actions?

March 05, 2019

Tanya went to the beach instead of staying in town and working on her speech. When she realized how soon the speech was due, she asked a friend who had already taken public speaking to loan her an old outline, which she used verbatim for her class speech. Which of the following statements best describes Tanya's actions?



a. Tanya should have planned better, but she isn't guilty of plagiarism.
b. Tanya is guilty of global plagiarism.
c. Tanya is guilty of patchwork plagiarism.
d. Tanya is ethical if she cites the friend whose speech she used.
e. Tanya is guilty of incremental plagiarism.


Answer: b. Tanya is guilty of global plagiarism.

According to your textbook, global plagiarism occurs when a person

March 05, 2019

According to your textbook, global plagiarism occurs when a person



a. bases his or her speech completely on foreign sources.
b. fails to cite sources throughout the body of the speech.
c. takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as her or his own.
d. uses two or three sources and blends the information into a unified whole.
e. bases the speech entirely on his or her personal experience.


Answer: c. takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as her or his own.

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to avoid plagiarism?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to avoid plagiarism?



a. Avoid using direct quotations from other people in your speech.
b. Try to use as few sources as possible in researching your speech.
c. Avoid citing quotations and paraphrases in your speech.
d. Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech.
e. Make sure you include information from the library in your speech.


Answer: d. Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech.

The three kinds of plagiarism discussed in your textbook are

March 05, 2019

The three kinds of plagiarism discussed in your textbook are



a. universal plagiarism, incremental plagiarism, and accidental plagiarism.
b. essential plagiarism, incidental plagiarism, and global plagiarism.
c. literary plagiarism, scientific plagiarism, and speech plagiarism.
d. idea plagiarism, quotation plagiarism, and paraphrase plagiarism.
e. global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, and incremental plagiarism.


Answer: e. global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, and incremental plagiarism.

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

March 05, 2019

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language



a. is forbidden by the first amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
b. violates current standards of political correctness on college campuses.
c. changes meaning based on the frame of reference of the audience.
d. is used by speakers who are not fully prepared for their presentations.
e. demeans the personal dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked.


Answer: e. demeans the personal dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked.

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

March 05, 2019

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language



a. violates the Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution.
b. demeans the dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked.
c. undermines the right of all groups in the U.S. to express their ideas.
d. all of the above.
e. b and c only.


Answer: e. b and c only.

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language

March 05, 2019

As explained in your textbook, public speakers have an ethical obligation to avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language because such language



a. demeans the dignity of the groups or individuals being attacked.
b. violates current standards of political correctness on college campuses.
c. undermines the right of all groups in the U.S. to express their ideas.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c only.


Answer: e. a and c only.

Having spent two years working in a television newsroom, Madison decided to give her informative speech on that topic. Because she knew a lot about it and was comfortable speaking to an audience, she didn't spend much time preparing. As a result, her speech was poorly organized, ran overtime, and did not have a clear message. Which guideline for ethical public speaking discussed in your textbook did Madison fail to live up to?

March 05, 2019

Having spent two years working in a television newsroom, Madison decided to give her informative speech on that topic. Because she knew a lot about it and was comfortable speaking to an audience, she didn't spend much time preparing. As a result, her speech was poorly organized, ran overtime, and did not have a clear message. Which guideline for ethical public speaking discussed in your textbook did Madison fail to live up to?



a. Be fully prepared for each speech.
b. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
c. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language.
d. Be honest in what you say.
e. Avoid plagiarism.


Answer: a. Be fully prepared for each speech.

For his informative speech, Douglas told his classmates how to get free food at a drive-through restaurant. Rather than focusing on legitimate deals, such as student discounts or coupons, Douglas talked about ways to trick employees into believing you had already paid for food when you had not. His instructor gave the speech a poor grade because it violated the ethical criteria for public speaking presented in your textbook. The guideline Douglas violated was:

March 05, 2019

For his informative speech, Douglas told his classmates how to get free food at a drive-through restaurant. Rather than focusing on legitimate deals, such as student discounts or coupons, Douglas talked about ways to trick employees into believing you had already paid for food when you had not. His instructor gave the speech a poor grade because it violated the ethical criteria for public speaking presented in your textbook. The guideline Douglas violated was:



a. Be fully prepared for each speech.
b. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
c. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language.
d. Adapt to your audience's frame of reference.
e. Avoid plagiarism.


Answer: b. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except

March 05, 2019

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except



a. Be fully prepared for each speech.
b. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
c. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language.
d. Respect your listeners' frame of reference.
e. Put your ethical principles into practice.


Answer: d. Respect your listeners' frame of reference.

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except

March 05, 2019

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except



a. Explain your motives for speaking to the audience.
b. Put your ethical principles into practice.
c. Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language.
d. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
e. Be fully prepared for each speech.


Answer: a. Explain your motives for speaking to the audience.

Which of the following are included in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following are included in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking?



a. Make sure your goals are ethically sound, stay within your time limits, and practice your speech delivery.
b. Be honest in what you say, be fully prepared for each speech, and make sure your goals are ethically sound.
c. Avoid global plagiarism, use quotations rather than paraphrases, and put your ethical principals into practice.
d. Be fully prepared for each speech, avoid name-calling, and stay within your time limits.
e. Establish your credibility, be honest in what you say, and put your ethical principles into practice.


Answer: b. Be honest in what you say, be fully prepared for each speech, and make sure your goals are ethically sound.

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except

March 05, 2019

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except



a. Be honest in what you say.
b. Avoid name calling and other forms of abusive language.
c. Be fully prepared for each speech.
d. Make sure your goals are ethically sound.
e. Explain your credibility on the speech topic.


Answer: e. Explain your credibility on the speech topic.

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?

March 05, 2019

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?



a. Be fully prepared for each speech.
b. Explain your credibility in the introduction.
c. Present your main points in nontechnical language.
d. Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends.
e. Be alert to feedback from the audience.


Answer: a. Be fully prepared for each speech.

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against

March 05, 2019

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against



a. the persuasive goals of the speaker.
b. an interpretation of the U.S. Constitution.
c. the frame of reference of the audience.
d. a set of ethical guidelines or standards.
e. the majority views of public opinion.


Answer: d. a set of ethical guidelines or standards.

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against

March 05, 2019

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against



a. the frame of reference of the audience.
b. a set of ethical guidelines or standards.
c. the speaker's strategic objectives.
d. a socially accepted code of legal rules.
e. the personal opinions of the speaker.


Answer: b. a set of ethical guidelines or standards.

As a public speaker, you face ethical issues when

March 05, 2019

As a public speaker, you face ethical issues when



a. selecting the topic for your speech.
b. researching your speech.
c. organizing your speech.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only.


Answer: d. all of the above.

List five measures you can take to help control your nervousness when giving a speech. Major methods of controlling stage fright mentioned in the chapter are:

March 04, 2019

List five measures you can take to help control your nervousness when giving a speech. Major methods of controlling stage fright mentioned in the chapter are:



Acquire speaking experience.
Prepare thoroughly for every speech.
Think positively about your speech.
Use the power of visualization.
Know that your nervousness is not visible to the audience.
Don't expect perfection.


Other methods mentioned in the chapter are:



Be at your best physically and mentally.
Quietly flex and relax your muscles while waiting to speak.
Take a couple of deep breaths before starting to speak.
Work especially hard on your introduction.
Make eye contact with members of the audience.
Concentrate on communicating with the audience.
Use visual aids.

Renée is a U.S. college student who was asked to speak at an end-of-the-year banquet sponsored by the International Student Association. When Renée suggested in her speech that all students should behave like people in the United States, she was reflecting

March 04, 2019

Renée is a U.S. college student who was asked to speak at an end-of-the-year banquet sponsored by the International Student Association. When Renée suggested in her speech that all students should behave like people in the United States, she was reflecting



a. effective audience analysis.
b. a sensitivity to cultural diversity.
c. the environmental dictates of the situation.
d. an ethnocentric point of view.
e. her listeners' frame of reference.


Answer: d. an ethnocentric point of view.

Pradeep is from India and has decided to give his informative speech on Indian marriage customs. Because he will be getting married back home the next summer, he is very excited about the topic. He is concerned, however, that his classmates, all of whom are from the United States, may think he is saying that marriage traditions in India are better than those in the United States. Pradeep's concern indicates that he is sensitive to the problem of

March 04, 2019

Pradeep is from India and has decided to give his informative speech on Indian marriage customs. Because he will be getting married back home the next summer, he is very excited about the topic. He is concerned, however, that his classmates, all of whom are from the United States, may think he is saying that marriage traditions in India are better than those in the United States. Pradeep's concern indicates that he is sensitive to the problem of



a. egocentrism.
b. ethical relativism.
c. ethnocentrism.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only.



Answer: c. ethnocentrism.

As your textbook explains, ethnocentrism means

March 04, 2019

As your textbook explains, ethnocentrism means 



a. showing respect to other groups and cultures.
b. recognizing that listeners are interested in how a topic relates to them.
c. believing one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.
d. insisting that listeners share a speaker's frame of reference.
e. agreeing with the values and practices of other groups and cultures.


Answer: c. believing one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Recognizing that the audience for his graduation speech would be packed into a non-air-conditioned gymnasium during the hottest week of the year, Kane decided to keep his speech at the low end of his 10-to-15-minute time limit. In making this decision, Kane was adapting to which element of the speech communication process?

March 04, 2019

Recognizing that the audience for his graduation speech would be packed into a non-air-conditioned gymnasium during the hottest week of the year, Kane decided to keep his speech at the low end of his 10-to-15-minute time limit. In making this decision, Kane was adapting to which element of the speech communication process?



a. location
b. feedback
c. message
d. channel
e. situation


Answer: e. situation

As Benita approached the podium, loud voices from the hallway filled the room. Before beginning her speech, she asked someone in the back of the room to close the door. In this case, Benita was dealing with

March 04, 2019

As Benita approached the podium, loud voices from the hallway filled the room. Before beginning her speech, she asked someone in the back of the room to close the door. In this case, Benita was dealing with



a. stage fright.
b. interference.
c. nonverbal communication.
d. audience attitudes.
e. feedback.


Answer: b. interference

According to your textbook, a listener anxious about an upcoming exam, worried about a recent argument with a friend, or distracted by cold air in the classroom would be experiencing

March 04, 2019

According to your textbook, a listener anxious about an upcoming exam, worried about a recent argument with a friend, or distracted by cold air in the classroom would be experiencing



a. interference.
b. situational cues.
c. communication apprehension.
d. psychological dissonance.
e. feedback.


Answer: a. interference.

As Christopher delivered his speech, he noticed that some members of his audience looked confused as he explained one of his main points. As a result, he slowed down and explained the point again. In this case, Christopher was

March 04, 2019

As Christopher delivered his speech, he noticed that some members of his audience looked confused as he explained one of his main points. As a result, he slowed down and explained the point again. In this case, Christopher was



a. dealing with external interference.
b. adjusting the channel of communication.
c. interpreting the audience's frame of reference.
d. compensating for the situation.
e. adapting to audience feedback.


Answer: e. adapting to audience feedback.

In the midst of a speech about volcanoes, a speaker notices quizzical expressions on the faces of her listeners. In response, she says, "Let me explain that point again to make sure it's clear." When this happens, the speaker is

March 04, 2019

In the midst of a speech about volcanoes, a speaker notices quizzical expressions on the faces of her listeners. In response, she says, "Let me explain that point again to make sure it's clear." When this happens, the speaker is



a. building her credibility.
b. adapting to feedback.
c. compensating for the situation.
d. interpreting the audience's frame of reference.
e. adjusting the channel.


Answer: b. adapting to feedback.

As you present your speech, you notice that many of your listeners have interested looks on their faces and are nodding their heads in agreement with your ideas. According to your textbook, these reactions by your listeners are called

March 04, 2019

As you present your speech, you notice that many of your listeners have interested looks on their faces and are nodding their heads in agreement with your ideas. According to your textbook, these reactions by your listeners are called



a. interference.
b. cognitive cues.
c. feedback.
d. audience cues.
e. indicators.


Answer: c. feedback.

As you listen to a speech about campus crime, you relate the speaker's ideas to your own knowledge, goals, and experience. According to your textbook, you are filtering the speech through your own

March 04, 2019

As you listen to a speech about campus crime, you relate the speaker's ideas to your own knowledge, goals, and experience. According to your textbook, you are filtering the speech through your own



a. psychological screen.
b. cognitive field.
c. frame of reference.
d. social perspective.
e. personal vision.


Answer: c. frame of reference.

Because every person has a unique __________ based on his or her own knowledge, experience, and values, the meaning of a message can never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker.

March 04, 2019

Because every person has a unique __________ based on his or her own knowledge, experience, and values, the meaning of a message can never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker. 



a. frame of reference.
b. personal screen
c. feedback mechanism
d. attitudinal core
e. psychological field


Answer: a. frame of reference.

According to your textbook, the knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message is called the listener's

March 04, 2019

According to your textbook, the knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message is called the listener's



a. personal screen.
b. sphere of values.
c. attitudinal core.
d. frame of reference.
e. psychological field.


Answer: d. frame of reference.

Jamal attended the campus president's speech about tuition increases, while Mary listened to the speech on the radio. Later, Mary said she thought the president's words stated clearly that he opposed an increase in tuition. But Jamal said that the way the president avoided looking at students when he talked about tuition made it seem the president actually supported an increase in tuition. The difference in the messages Mary and Jamal received most likely resulted from the fact that

March 04, 2019

Jamal attended the campus president's speech about tuition increases, while Mary listened to the speech on the radio. Later, Mary said she thought the president's words stated clearly that he opposed an increase in tuition. But Jamal said that the way the president avoided looking at students when he talked about tuition made it seem the president actually supported an increase in tuition. The difference in the messages Mary and Jamal received most likely resulted from the fact that



a. Jamal is a better listener than Mary.
b. Mary and Jamal both experienced feedback.
c. Mary and Jamal received the message through different channels.
d. Mary and Jamal are majoring in different subjects.
e. Mary is a better listener than Jamal.


Answer: c. Mary and Jamal received the message through different channels.

As defined in your textbook, channel in the speech communication process refers to

March 04, 2019

As defined in your textbook, channel in the speech communication process refers to



a. the feedback sent to a speaker by the listener.
b. the means by which a message is communicated.
c. the physical location where the communication takes place.
d. the process by which listeners adapt to the speaker.
e. the content a speaker communicates to someone else.


Answer: b. the means by which a message is communicated.

Which of the following aspects of public speaking is least likely to help strengthen your skills as a critical thinker?

March 04, 2019

Which of the following aspects of public speaking is least likely to help strengthen your skills as a critical thinker?



a. researching your speech
b. outlining and organizing your speech
c. testing the logic of your arguments
d. practicing the delivery of your speech
e. assessing the validity of your evidence


Answer: d. practicing the delivery of your speech

Dealing with such matters as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion are all part of what your textbook calls

March 04, 2019

Dealing with such matters as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion are all part of what your textbook calls



a. deduction.
b. critical thinking.
c. rational communication.
d. oral deliberation.
e. induction.


Answer: b. critical thinking.

Heather was in the midst of an excellent speech on campus history when she made a minor mistake by giving the wrong date for the opening of a campus building. She suddenly stopped speaking and said, "Oh, I messed up." She then finished her speech, but all she could think about afterward was her mistake. What is the major piece of advice from your textbook that Heather needs to be reminded about?

March 04, 2019

Heather was in the midst of an excellent speech on campus history when she made a minor mistake by giving the wrong date for the opening of a campus building. She suddenly stopped speaking and said, "Oh, I messed up." She then finished her speech, but all she could think about afterward was her mistake. What is the major piece of advice from your textbook that Heather needs to be reminded about?



a. There is no such thing as a perfect speech.
b. You should work especially hard on your introduction.
c. Audiences usually can't tell how nervous a speaker is.
d. You should take slow, deep breaths before you speak.
e. It is natural for public speakers to be nervous.


Answer: a. There is no such thing as a perfect speech.

All of the following are recommended by your textbook to help you deal with nervousness except:

March 04, 2019

All of the following are recommended by your textbook to help you deal with nervousness except:



a. Acquire speaking experience.
b. Focus on achieving perfection.
c. Remember that most nervousness is not visible to the audience.
d. Visualize yourself giving a successful speech.
e. Prepare your speech thoroughly.


Answer: b. Focus on achieving perfection.

According to your textbook, when you employ the power of visualization as a method of controlling stage fright, you should

March 04, 2019

According to your textbook, when you employ the power of visualization as a method of controlling stage fright, you should



a. decrease the time necessary for preparing your speech.
b. keep your mental pictures from becoming too vivid.
c. focus on the positive aspects of your speech.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only.


Answer: c. focus on the positive aspects of your speech.

One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is called

March 04, 2019

One way to build confidence as a speaker is to create a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech. According to your textbook, this process is called



a. representation.
b. imagistic practice.
c. anticipatory rehearsal.
d. foreshadowing.
e. visualization.


Answer: e. visualization.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

March 04, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?



a. Tell your audience how nervous you are.
b. Avoid making eye contact with the audience.
c. Focus on achieving perfection in your speech.
d. Visualize yourself giving a successful speech.
e. Memorize your conclusion word for word.


Answer: d. Visualize yourself giving a successful speech.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

March 04, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?



a. Visualize the worst things that could happen.
b. Turn negative thoughts into positive thoughts.
c. Avoid making direct eye contact with the audience.
d. Stay up late the night before to finish preparing.
e. Generate extra adrenaline as you speak.


Answer: b. Turn negative thoughts into positive thoughts.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?=

March 04, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?



a. Concentrate on thinking about your stage fright.
b. Work especially hard on your conclusion.
c. Avoid making eye contact with your audience.
d. Try to generate extra adrenaline as you speak.
e. Think of your speech as an act of communication.


Answer: e. Think of your speech as an act of communication.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

March 04, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?



a. Remember that your nervousness is not usually visible to your audience.
b. Concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves.
c. As you rehearse, visualize yourself giving a successful speech.
d. all of the above
e. b and c only


Answer: d. all of the above

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

March 04, 2019

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?



a. Visualize yourself giving a successful speech.
b. Concentrate on communicating with the audience, rather than on your nerves.
c. Choose a topic you care about and prepare thoroughly for the speech.
d. all of the above
e. b and c only


Answer: d. all of the above

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?

March 04, 2019

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation?



a. about 50 percent of waking hours
b. about 10 percent of waking hours
c. about 20 percent of waking hours
d. about 30 percent of waking hours
e. about 40 percent of waking hours



Answer: d. about 30 percent of waking hours

As your textbook explains, many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include

March 04, 2019

As your textbook explains, many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include



a. telling a story for maximum impact.
b. tailoring your message to your audience.
c. organizing your thoughts logically.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c only.


Answer: d. all of the above.

When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is

March 04, 2019

When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is



a. a way to manipulate people.
b. a way to make a difference in something we care about.
c. a way to make everyone see things through our frame of reference.
d. a way to demonstrate how clever we are.
e. a way to make bad ideas seem good.


Answer: b. a way to make a difference in something we care about.

Which budgetary approach requires the budget agency to adopt a policy role, is characterized by a systematic policy-making style, and has a scope that includes inputs, outputs, effects, and alternatives?

March 04, 2019

Which budgetary approach requires the budget agency to adopt a policy role, is characterized by a systematic policy-making style, and has a scope that includes inputs, outputs, effects, and alternatives?



A. incremental budget making
B. line-item budgeting
C. performance budgeting
D. planning-programming budgeting (PPB)
E. zero-base budgeting (ZBB)


Answer: C. performance budgeting

Which budgetary approach requires the budget agency to adopt a policy role, is characterized by a systematic policy-making style, and has a scope that includes inputs, outputs, effects, and alternatives?

March 04, 2019

Which budgetary approach requires the budget agency to adopt a policy role, is characterized by a systematic policy-making style, and has a scope that includes inputs, outputs, effects, and alternatives?



A. incremental budget making
B. line-item budgeting
C. performance budgeting
D. planning-programming budgeting (PPB)
E. zero-base budgeting (ZBB)


Answer: C. performance budgeting

Which is not a fiscal policy tool?

March 04, 2019

Which is not a fiscal policy tool?



A. government expenditures
B. management of the national debt
C. regulating the money supply
D. tax breaks
E. taxation


Answer: D. tax breaks

Which group or law called for the decentralization of public personnel administration and permitting federal agencies to design their own performance managers and reward systems?

March 04, 2019

Which group or law called for the decentralization of public personnel administration and permitting federal agencies to design their own performance managers and reward systems?



A. National Performance Review, also known as the National Partnership for Reinventing Government
B. Civil Service Reform Act
C. Hatch Act
D. Hoover Commission
E. Pendleton Act


Answer: A. National Performance Review, also known as the National Partnership for Reinventing Government

Top public managers are either elected or politically appointed; both processes are influenced by public employee organizations and the general public.

March 04, 2019

Top public managers are either elected or politically appointed; both processes are influenced by public employee organizations and the general public.



A. Collective bargaining is often multilateral instead of bilateral.
B. Those involved in the process must be mindful of both public and clientele sentiment.
C. There is a wide range of mechanisms available that can modify the "final" outcome of the collectively bargained-for agreement.
D. Job security is part of the scope of collective bargaining in either the private or the public sector, but not in both.


Answer: B. Those involved in the process must be mindful of both public and clientele sentiment.

All of the following are differences between the private and public sectors that significantly affect the collective bargaining process except:

March 04, 2019

All of the following are differences between the private and public sectors that significantly affect the collective bargaining process except:



A. Top public managers are either elected or politically appointed; both processes are influenced by public employee organizations and the general public.
B. Collective bargaining is often multilateral instead of bilateral.
C. Those involved in the process must be mindful of both public and clientele sentiment.
D. There is a wide range of mechanisms available that can modify the "final" outcome of the collectively bargained-for agreement.
E. Job security is part of the scope of collective bargaining in either the private or the public sector, but not in both.


Answer: E. Job security is part of the scope of collective bargaining in either the private or the public sector, but not in both.

The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978:

March 04, 2019

The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978:



A. created the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB), the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), and the Civil Service Commission (CSC)
B. delegated all personnel administration and collective bargaining responsibilities to agencies
C. streamlined disciplinary procedures, except for dismissal procedures
D. strengthened protections for "whistle-blowers"
E. none of the above


Answer: D. strengthened protections for "whistle-blowers"

"Scientific management," goodness, merit, morality, and neutrality were considered virtues and job classification and the separation of politics from administration were used. These characteristics describe:

March 04, 2019

"Scientific management," goodness, merit, morality, and neutrality were considered virtues and job classification and the separation of politics from administration were used. These characteristics describe:



a. government by "gentlemen"

b. government by the "common man"

c. government by the "good"

d. government by the "efficient"

e. government by "administrators"


Answer: D. government by the "efficient"

The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 was designed to solve the following personnel management weaknesses in the U.S. Civil Service except:

March 04, 2019

The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 was designed to solve the following personnel management weaknesses in the U.S. Civil Service except:



A. lack of clear mechanisms and principles for performance appraisal
B. existence of "protected employment"
C. excessive presidential control over the Civil Service Commission
D. a lack of standardization and professionalization by the U.S. government in how it conducts collective bargaining with its employees


Answer: C. excessive presidential control over the Civil Service Commission

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